Guernica

Introducing Guernica

Guernica is located in the Spanish Basque Country, northeast of Bilbao. Construction began in 1366 and covers an area of ​​8.6 square kilometers.

On April 26, 1937, the Basque town of Guernica was attacked by the Nazi Allied Air Force. 2,000 people of Guernica, which had a population of 7,000 at the time, died and the town was reduced to ruins.

This air raid set a precedent for attacking non-major cities during war, shocking the world.

After receiving the news, Picasso, filled with grief and indignation, created the monumental painting "Guernica," which is now housed in the Reina Sofia National Art Museum in Madrid.

Guernica is also a symbol of independence and freedom in the minds of the Basque people.

In the Middle Ages, people from all over the Basque Country held meetings here and swore an oath under a tree to fight for Basque independence and freedom.

The tree is now dead, but the trunk is still preserved in place.

Climate and best time to travel

Mediterranean climate, suitable for all seasons

Recommended number of days and locations for visiting

long time

Tickets

free

Attraction opening hours

All day

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Most Popular FAQs for Guernica

What is the history and significance of this attraction/city?

Guernica is famous for its tragic history during the Spanish Civil War, when the town was bombed by Nazi German and Italian fascist air forces in 1937, resulting in significant civilian casualties. The bombing inspired Pablo Picasso's iconic painting, "Guernica," which symbolizes the horrors of war. The town is also a cultural and political center for the Basque people, home to the symbolic Guernica Tree, representing Basque independence.

Where is it located and how do I get there (metro, bus, taxi, walking)?

Guernica is located in the Basque Country of northern Spain, approximately 30 km from Bilbao. You can get there by bus from Bilbao’s central bus station, which takes about 40 minutes. Alternatively, you can drive via the N-634 road. The town is small and easily explored on foot once you arrive.

What are the opening hours and best times to visit?

The Guernica Peace Museum is open from 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM, Monday to Saturday, and 10:00 AM to 2:00 PM on Sundays. The best time to visit is during spring and autumn, when the weather is pleasant, and the town is less crowded. Summer is also a popular time, though it can be busier with tourists.

What is the entrance fee/ticket price, and how to buy tickets (online/offline)?

The entrance fee to the Guernica Peace Museum is around €5 for adults, with discounts available for students, seniors, and children. Tickets can be purchased directly at the museum or online through their official website for convenience.

Do I need to book tickets in advance, and how far in advance?

While advance booking is not required, it is recommended during peak tourist seasons (summer or local festivals). You can book tickets online a few days in advance to ensure entry during busy periods or special events.

How much time is needed to fully explore it?

A visit to Guernica can be completed in a half-day, allowing time to explore the Guernica Peace Museum, the historic town center, and the Guernica Tree. If you wish to explore the surrounding countryside or take part in local cultural events, a full day would be ideal.

What are the must-see highlights or main areas inside?

The must-see highlights include the Guernica Peace Museum, where you can learn about the town’s history and Picasso’s famous painting. The Guernica Tree, located near the Casa de Juntas, is another key historical site. You should also explore the town’s old streets and squares, including the Plaza Mayor.

Are guided tours or audio guides available (and in which languages)?

Yes, guided tours are available at the Guernica Peace Museum and other major landmarks in the town. Tours are offered in Spanish and English. Audio guides are also available in multiple languages, including English, Spanish, French, and German.

What are the best viewpoints or photography spots?

The Guernica Tree offers great views of the surrounding area and makes for a perfect photography spot. The Peace Museum and Plaza Mayor are also excellent locations for capturing the town's historic atmosphere. The surrounding Basque countryside is picturesque and provides stunning photo opportunities.

What is the recommended route or itinerary inside?

Start at the Guernica Peace Museum to get a historical overview. Then, visit the Casa de Juntas and the Guernica Tree for insight into Basque culture and politics. Spend some time walking through the town center to explore its local streets, markets, and cafés. If time allows, take a scenic walk in the countryside surrounding Guernica.

Are night visits, light shows, or special tours available?

While there are no night visits, Guernica offers special events throughout the year, such as cultural festivals and historical reenactments. The town’s peaceful atmosphere at night provides a unique opportunity for a reflective visit, especially near the Guernica Tree.

Is it crowded, and when are the least crowded times/days to visit?

Guernica is generally less crowded than other Basque cities, but it can get busy during summer months and around local festivals. To avoid the crowds, visit during the spring or autumn, particularly on weekdays in the morning or early afternoon.

What facilities are available (toilets, food, water, rest areas, shops)?

Public toilets are available near major attractions. There are several cafes and restaurants offering traditional Basque dishes and local delicacies, such as pintxos. Small shops sell souvenirs, including replicas of Picasso’s "Guernica" and Basque crafts. Rest areas can be found in local parks and around the Plaza Mayor.

Is the attraction accessible for elderly, children, or disabled visitors?

Yes, the Guernica Peace Museum and major attractions in the town are accessible for elderly, children, and disabled visitors. The museum provides wheelchair access, and the town center is pedestrian-friendly. Some historic areas may have uneven surfaces, but overall, it is accessible.

Is cash needed or are cards/mobile payments accepted?

Cards and mobile payments are widely accepted in restaurants, shops, and the museum. Cash is still used in some smaller establishments, so it’s a good idea to carry some euros just in case.

What restaurants or cafes are available inside or nearby?

Local eateries like Restaurante Atxuri and Bar Bizkaia offer traditional Basque cuisine, including fresh seafood and pintxos. Many cafes and tapas bars are scattered around Plaza Mayor and nearby streets, providing a variety of casual dining options.

Are there vegetarian/vegan/halal food options?

Yes, there are several restaurants in Guernica that cater to vegetarian and vegan diets, offering plant-based Basque dishes. Halal options are also available in select restaurants, especially in the more tourist-friendly areas.

What hotels or accommodations are close to the site?

Hotels such as Hotel Ortuella and Hotel Gernika are within walking distance of the main attractions. For a more rustic experience, there are rural guesthouses and B&Bs in the surrounding countryside.

What other attractions or landmarks are nearby and easy to combine in a day trip?

Nearby attractions include the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO-listed natural area perfect for hiking, birdwatching, and exploring picturesque coastal villages. The coastal town of Bermeo and the Gernika bird observatory are also great day trips.

Are there souvenir shops and what are the typical souvenirs?

Yes, there are souvenir shops in the town center selling items such as Basque ceramics, handicrafts, and prints of Picasso’s "Guernica." Local food products, including cider and Basque cheeses, also make for excellent souvenirs.

What are the best transportation options to continue the trip after visiting?

The best way to continue your trip after visiting Guernica is by train or bus. Guernica is well-connected to Bilbao by frequent bus and train services. You can also explore the Basque coast by car or take a guided tour to nearby towns like Bermeo and Mundaka.