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Located in southwestern Asia and northeast of the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq is a region of the Mesopotamian Valley, one of the cradles of ancient civilization. City-states emerged as early as 4700 BC. Around 2000 BC, the Babylonian Kingdom, the Assyrian Empire, and the post-Babylonian Kingdom, known as one of the "Four Ancient Civilizations," were established.
Iraq's rich history has fostered a splendid culture. Today, ancient sites abound across Iraq, including Seleucia, Nineveh, and Assyria, all located along the Tigris River. Babylon, located on the right bank of the Euphrates River, 90 kilometers southwest of Baghdad, is a cradle of human civilization, on par with ancient China, India, and Egypt. Its legendary "Hanging Gardens" are listed as one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
The mountainous areas in northeastern Iraq have a Mediterranean climate, while the rest of the country has a tropical desert climate. Winter is the best time to travel.
Islamic holidays vary from year to year. During the holy month of Ramadan, most parts of Iraq stop commercial activities, so you need to check in advance.
Recommended play time: 3-4 days
Iraq is often called the cradle of civilization, home to ancient Mesopotamia, where writing, law, and cities first developed. Its historic cities, archaeological sites, and religious landmarks reflect thousands of years of cultural, political, and religious history.
Iraq is located in Western Asia, bordered by Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Syria, and Turkey. International travelers usually enter via Baghdad International Airport. Local travel is mainly by taxi, car, or buses; walking is feasible in urban centers.
Entrance fees for museums and historical sites are usually $2–$10 USD, purchased onsite. Guided tours may have additional costs.
For museums and archaeological sites, advance booking is generally not required. For guided tours, booking a few days ahead is recommended.
At least 10–14 days are recommended to explore major cities, archaeological sites, and the Kurdish region.
Guided tours are available in Arabic and English. Audio guides are limited and may not be available at all sites.
Evening visits to city markets and riverfronts are popular. Organized night tours or light shows are limited.
Tourism is moderate in urban areas; the least crowded times are weekdays. Current travel advisories should be checked before visiting.
Urban areas and museums are accessible. Many archaeological sites and remote areas may be challenging for elderly or disabled visitors.
Cash (Iraqi dinar) is commonly needed; cards and mobile payments are limited outside hotels and major banks.
Halal food is standard. Vegetarian options exist but may be limited, often available in traditional meals.
Souvenirs include traditional crafts, carpets, jewelry, and local spices.
Domestic flights, taxis, and private cars are common. Intercity buses are available but limited in some regions.