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Located in northwest Africa, Mauritania borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Western Sahara and Algeria to the north, Mali to the southeast, and Senegal to the south. The region has a tropical desert climate and is flat, with two-thirds of the area consisting of desert. Mauritanians typically welcome distinguished guests with a traditional roasted whole lamb as their most gracious hospitality.
Mauritania has only one 600-kilometer-long railway connecting the Federico iron ore mine in northern Mauritania and Nouadhibou. The train that transports iron ore to the port of Nouadhibou is known as the longest train in the world and has become one of the tourist attractions.
The northwest region has a tropical desert climate with high temperatures and little rainfall, making it suitable for travel all year round.
Chinguetti
Founded in the 12th century, Chinguiti was a vital route for desert caravans traveling between North Africa and Europe. From the 17th to the 19th century, Chinguiti reached its peak, connecting with several towns such as Ouadane, Tishit, and Walata to form a prosperous commercial center. Desert caravans brought not only a wide variety of goods but also culture and knowledge. Chinguiti gradually became a religious and cultural center. A library was built there, housing a collection of books, including the Quran, for the study of Islamic culture.
Chinguetti Ancient City
Known as the seventh holiest city in Islam, its mosque is the most famous structure in the country, with a dry stone minaret inlaid with camel's egg. The "Sand River" at the city's edge is also a sight to behold, earning it the nickname "Holy City" of Mauritania. It's often said that one hasn't been to Africa until they've visited the Sahara. Chingueti is a great place to see the Sahara, a renowned Mauritanian tourist attraction. The city also houses an ancient mosque museum for visitors to explore.
Recommended 1-day tour
Mauritania is historically significant as a crossroads of Saharan trade and Islamic culture. Its desert cities like Chinguetti were major centers of learning. The country is rich in nomadic traditions and natural landscapes, including parts of the Sahara and coastal wetlands.
Mauritania is in northwest Africa, bordered by Western Sahara, Algeria, Mali, and Senegal. Main entry is via Nouakchott–Oumtounsy International Airport. Travel within the country is by taxi, bus, or private 4x4 vehicles, especially for desert areas.
Most attractions are accessible year-round, but the best time to visit is during the cooler months, November to February, avoiding the extreme desert heat.
For desert tours and national park visits, book 1–2 weeks in advance. Local heritage sites can usually be visited without prior booking.
7–10 days is recommended to experience desert landscapes, national parks, and cultural sites.
Guided tours are available in French and Arabic for desert treks, national parks, and cultural sites. English guides may be arranged through tour operators.
Start in Nouakchott, visit coastal areas and markets, head to Banc d’Arguin for wildlife, then explore Chinguetti and desert treks near Atar.
Night desert excursions and camel treks are available. Some lodges offer cultural evenings or stargazing tours in the Sahara.
Mauritania is generally not crowded. Coastal and desert areas are quiet year-round. Tourist numbers peak during cooler months (Nov–Feb).
Major cities and some tourist lodges provide basic facilities. Desert and remote areas may have limited amenities; travelers should carry water and essentials.
City and heritage sites are moderately accessible. Desert tours require physical stamina and are less suitable for elderly or disabled visitors.
Cash (Mauritanian Ouguiya) is essential in most places. Credit cards are accepted in some hotels and larger establishments in Nouakchott, but mobile payments are rare.
Restaurants in Nouakchott and Atar offer traditional Mauritanian dishes, seafood, and limited international cuisine. Small cafes serve tea and snacks.
Halal food is standard. Vegetarian options are limited but available in major cities. Vegan options are rare.
Souvenirs include traditional rugs, silver jewelry, leather goods, pottery, and camel-themed crafts.
Domestic flights connect Nouakchott and Atar. Private 4x4 vehicles or guided tours are recommended for desert areas. Buses connect main cities, but long-distance travel can be slow.