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Somalia, located on the Somali Peninsula in the easternmost part of the African continent, boasts Africa's longest coastline, covering a total area of 637,660 square kilometers. It is a vital sea route for cargo ships entering and leaving the Suez Canal. Due to ongoing civil war, the country's social and educational systems have collapsed for years, leading locals to resort to piracy since the 20th century. The amount of ransoms extorted from merchant ships by pirates in this country is incalculable, leading the United Nations to launch an investigation into and crackdown on pirate bases in Somalia.
The tropical desert climate and tropical savanna climate are hot all year round, dry and with little rain, making it suitable for travel in spring and autumn.
Berbera
Berbera, also known as "Berbera," is a port city in northern Somalia. It borders the Gulf of Aden and boasts a strategic location as a natural deepwater port at the southern entrance of the Red Sea. Population: 65,000 (1984). It serves as the commercial center for the vast northern pastoral region. During the cool season, large numbers of herders drive their livestock here, resulting in a thriving trade. Most of the country's live livestock exports pass through this port, as well as leather and gum arabic. It is also a fishing port with cement plants and other businesses. Highways connect to inland cities such as Hargeisa. It has an international airport. The port expansion project was completed in 1985, with a new 330-meter pier.
Somaliland
Located in the northwest of Somalia in the Horn of Africa, Somaliland was once under British rule. It boasts the Laas Gaal cave paintings, considered one of the Horn of Africa's most captivating attractions. It is believed that only a small number of tourists visit the country to see the site. The site, located near Hargeisa, was discovered by a French archaeological team in 2002. Local authorities restrict visitor access to the site to protect it. Other notable attractions include the Freedom Arch in Hargeisa and the war memorial in the city center. Natural beauty abounds in the country, with the twin mountains of Naasa Hablood, located outside Hargeisa, considered a great natural landmark by Somalilanders.
Somalia boasts a rich cultural heritage with ancient sites like Laas Geel, colonial-era architecture in Mogadishu, and diverse natural landscapes.
Somalia is located on the Horn of Africa. Access varies by region; major cities like Mogadishu and Hargeisa are served by airports.
Opening hours for attractions vary. The best time to visit is during the dry season, from November to April.
Fees vary by site. It's advisable to check locally or with tour operators for current prices and ticketing options.
Booking in advance is recommended, especially for popular sites. Aim to book at least a few days ahead.
Time needed varies by site. For major attractions, allocate 2–4 hours; for national parks or hiking areas, plan for a full day.
Guided tours are available at major attractions, often in English and Somali. Availability may vary; it's best to inquire locally.
Start with cultural sites like museums, then explore natural attractions such as beaches and parks. Allocate time for local markets and interactions.
Night visits are limited due to security concerns. It's advisable to visit attractions during daylight hours.
Major attractions can be less crowded during weekdays, especially in the morning. Weekends may see more local visitors.
Facilities vary by location. Larger cities and popular tourist sites offer basic amenities; remote areas may have limited services.
Accessibility varies. Urban attractions may have better facilities; rural or natural sites might present challenges for those with mobility issues.
Cash is widely used. Credit and debit cards are accepted in some urban areas, but it's advisable to carry sufficient local currency.
Urban centers like Mogadishu and Hargeisa have a range of dining options, from local eateries to international cuisine.
Halal food is widely available. Vegetarian and vegan options may be limited but can be found in larger cities.
Accommodations range from budget hotels to mid-range options in major cities. It's advisable to book in advance, especially in popular areas.
Souvenir shops are available in urban centers, offering items like traditional crafts, clothing, and jewelry.
Domestic flights, buses, and taxis are common for intercity travel. It's advisable to check local schedules and book in advance where possible.