Damascus

Introducing Damascus

Damascus, the capital and second-largest city of Syria, is one of the world's oldest inhabited cities, dating back over 4,000 years. The contrast between ancient Islamic architecture, modern skyscrapers, and beautiful parks adds to the splendor of this historic city.

Damascus is divided into the New City and the Old City. The Old City still preserves many historical sites from the Roman and Arab eras, earning it the nickname "City of Antiquities." The Old City boasts the renowned Umayyad Great Mosque, the medieval Qaisan Gate, and the 11th-century Citadel. Despite its vicissitudes and rise and fall, Damascus remains worthy of its title.

Everyone in Damascus loves roses, and almost every household cultivates them. Therefore, Damascus is not only attractive for its beautiful scenery and colorful ancient buildings, but also famous for its fragrant and bright roses.

In addition, the urban water supply and drainage system dating back to the Aramaic era in the 12th century BC is still the basis of the urban water system in the old city of Damascus, which is a miracle.

Climate and best time to travel

Damascus has a Mediterranean climate, with hot and dry summers and mild and rainy winters, with different periods of rain and heat.

Recommended number of days and locations for visiting

Recommended play time: 1 day

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Most Popular FAQs for Damascus

What is the history and significance of this attraction/city?

Damascus is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, with history spanning over 4,000 years. It has been a cultural, commercial, and religious center in the Middle East, known for its historic architecture, Islamic landmarks, and ancient markets.

Where is it located and how do I get there (metro, bus, taxi, walking)?

Damascus is located in southwestern Syria. Visitors can arrive via Damascus International Airport, then take a taxi or bus into the city. Walking is ideal for exploring the Old City, while taxis are used for outer areas.

What are the opening hours and best times to visit?

• Most attractions open 8:00–17:00, with some mosques and souks open later.
• Best visiting seasons are spring and autumn for mild weather.

What is the entrance fee/ticket price, and how to buy tickets (online/offline)?

• Many historic sites, including mosques and markets, are free to enter.
• Some museums or palaces may charge 5–10 USD, payable offline at entrances.

Do I need to book tickets in advance, and how far in advance?

Advance booking is generally not required for most sites. For organized tours, booking a few days ahead is recommended.

How much time is needed to fully explore it?

2–3 days to explore the Old City, museums, souks, and surrounding attractions.

What are the must-see highlights or main areas inside?

• Umayyad Mosque
• Old City and Al-Hamidiyah Souq
• Azem Palace
• Sayyidah Ruqayya Shrine
• Straight Street (Via Recta)
• Tishreen Park

Are guided tours or audio guides available (and in which languages)?

Guided tours are available in Arabic, English, and French, organized by local tour agencies. Audio guides are limited but sometimes provided at museums.

What are the best viewpoints or photography spots?

• Umayyad Mosque courtyard
• Azem Palace interiors and gardens
• Rooftops overlooking the Old City
• Al-Hamidiyah Souq streets for vibrant street photography

What is the recommended route or itinerary inside?

• Morning: Umayyad Mosque → Straight Street → Azem Palace
• Afternoon: Al-Hamidiyah Souq → local cafes → Sayyidah Ruqayya Shrine
• Evening: Walk along Barada River or Tishreen Park

Are night visits, light shows, or special tours available?

Night visits to mosques are limited; however, the souks and streets are lively in the evening. Special guided tours can be arranged upon request.

Is it crowded, and when are the least crowded times/days to visit?

The Old City can be crowded on weekends and holidays; weekdays are quieter. Early mornings are best to avoid crowds.

What facilities are available (toilets, food, water, rest areas, shops)?

• Public toilets and prayer facilities near mosques
• Restaurants, cafes, and small food stalls throughout the Old City
• Rest areas in parks and palaces
• Shops and souvenir stores in souks

Is the attraction accessible for elderly, children, or disabled visitors?

• Some areas of the Old City are uneven and narrow, making accessibility limited.
• Most parks and major museums are accessible to elderly and children with care.

Is cash needed or are cards/mobile payments accepted?

Cash (Syrian Pounds) is widely used. Credit cards and mobile payments are limited in many markets and local shops.

What restaurants or cafes are available inside or nearby?

• Traditional Syrian cuisine at Naranj Restaurant and Beit Jabri
• Cafes along Straight Street and souk areas
• Modern restaurants in Damascus city center

Are there vegetarian/vegan/halal food options?

Most restaurants serve halal food; vegetarian and vegan options are widely available, including lentil dishes, falafel, and mezze.

What hotels or accommodations are close to the site?

• Beit Al Mamlouka – boutique hotel inside the Old City
• Four Seasons Hotel Damascus – luxury stay nearby
• Local guesthouses and small inns throughout the city

What other attractions or landmarks are nearby and easy to combine in a day trip?

• Saladin Citadel and the National Museum of Damascus
• Al-Takiyya al-Suleimaniya complex
• Barada River walking areas and gardens

Are there souvenir shops and what are the typical souvenirs?

• Damascene brassware, textiles, and jewelry
• Handmade soaps, spices, and traditional sweets
• Miniature models of historical sites and local crafts

What are the best transportation options to continue the trip after visiting?

• Taxi or bus to Damascus International Airport
• Private car or tour buses to nearby cities like Homs or Aleppo
• Walking and local taxis within the city for short trips